Enhancement of Reducing Sugar Production by A. niger USM AI1 on Oil Palm Frond in Tray System Via Solid State Fermentation
1Lim Sheh Hong*, 1Darah Ibrahim, and 2Ibrahim Che Omar
1Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory (IBRL), School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang Malaysia
2Faculty of Agroindustry and Natural Resourse, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Karung Berkunci 36, 16100 Pangkalan Chepa, Kelantan, Malaysia. *Corresponding author email: limshehhong77@gmail.com
Abstract
To obtain higher reducing sugar production via solid state fermentation (SSF), it is necessary to develop a stabile bioprocess system. In this study, optimized the physical parameter of SSF in a shallow aluminium tray (30 cm x 20 cm x 6 cm) was carried out in order to maximize reducing sugar production by A. niger USM AI1 using oil palm frond as a substrate. Production of reducing sugars before optimization in tray system was 185.00 ± 2.85 mg / g substrate with the fungal growth of 2.32 mg ± 0.06 glucosamine / g substrate. However, after optimization of physical parameter (amount of substrate, inoculum size, temperature and moisture content in substrate) the maximum reducing sugar yield was achieved 251.13 ± 1.95 mg / g substrate with the fungus growth of 3.21 ± 0.10 mg glucosamine / g on the 4 days of cultivation period. The results showed that the production of reducing sugar was increased by 35.7% compared to before optimization. Thus, optimized the physical parameter of solid state fermentation in a tray system has succeeded in increasing the production of reducing sugars. To meet the increasing demands of reducing sugar from biomass, it is necessary to obtain the optimum condition in SSF process.
Keywords: Reducing sugar, solid state fermentation, A. niger USM AI1, physical parameter